:root {
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-2: #faf8f3;        /* warm off-white for alternating sections */
  --ink: #111111;         /* near-black text */
  --ink-2: #2a2a2a;
  --muted: #6b6358;       /* warm grey */
  --gold: #b8924a;        /* accent gold */
  --gold-deep: #97762f;   /* readable gold text on white */
  --gold-soft: #e7d9b8;   /* gold tint */
  --line: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.12);   /* hairline black */
  --radius: 4px;          /* crisp, architectural corners */
  --maxw: 1140px;
  --shadow: 0 18px 50px -28px rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.35);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
  font-family: "Inter", system-ui, sans-serif;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

h1, h2, h3 { font-family: "Fraunces", Georgia, serif; line-height: 1.08; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
em { color: var(--gold-deep); font-style: italic; }

section { padding: 96px 24px; }
.bg-2 { background: var(--bg-2); }

/* Section heads with a centered gold rule */
.section-head { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto 52px; text-align: center; }
.section-head h2 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem); }
.section-head h2::after {
  content: ""; display: block; width: 56px; height: 2px; margin: 18px auto 0;
  background: var(--gold);
}
.section-head p { color: var(--muted); margin-top: 16px; font-size: 1.05rem; }

/* Buttons */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 8px;
  padding: 13px 26px; border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--ink); color: #fff; font-weight: 600; font-size: .9rem;
  letter-spacing: .02em; border: 1px solid var(--ink); cursor: pointer;
  transition: background .18s ease, color .18s ease, border-color .18s ease, transform .18s ease;
}
.btn:hover { background: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold-deep); color: #fff; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.btn-lg { padding: 16px 32px; font-size: .98rem; }
.btn-sm { padding: 9px 18px; font-size: .82rem; }
.btn-ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); }
.btn-ghost:hover { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ink); }
.btn-block { width: 100%; }

/* Nav */
.nav {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9); backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 0 var(--gold);   /* fine gold underline */
}
.nav-inner { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; padding: 15px 24px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.brand { font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.3rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 11px; letter-spacing: .01em; }
.brand-mark {
  display: inline-grid; place-items: center; width: 36px; height: 36px;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--gold); border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: var(--radius); font-weight: 700; font-size: .82rem; font-family: "Inter", sans-serif;
}
.nav-links { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 28px; }
.nav-links a:not(.btn) { color: var(--ink); font-size: .92rem; font-weight: 500; position: relative; transition: color .15s; }
.nav-links a:not(.btn)::after { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: -4px; width: 0; height: 1.5px; background: var(--gold); transition: width .2s ease; }
.nav-links a:not(.btn):hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.nav-links a:not(.btn):hover::after { width: 100%; }

/* Hero */
.hero { position: relative; padding-top: 110px; padding-bottom: 90px; text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hero-inner { max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; position: relative; }
.eyebrow { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .28em; font-size: .76rem; color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 600; }
.eyebrow::before, .eyebrow::after { content: ""; display: inline-block; width: 28px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold); vertical-align: middle; margin: 0 14px; }
.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 6.4vw, 4.6rem); margin: 22px 0 24px; }
.lede { font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2.2vw, 1.3rem); color: var(--muted); max-width: 680px; margin: 0 auto; }
.hero-cta { display: flex; gap: 14px; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 38px; }
.hero-stats { display: flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 60px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 24px 0; max-width: 720px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
.hero-stats div { display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 0 40px; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hero-stats div:last-child { border-right: none; }
.hero-stats strong { font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-size: 1.9rem; color: var(--gold-deep); }
.hero-stats span { color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; margin-top: 4px; }

/* Value */
.value { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
.value-card { background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-top: 2px solid var(--gold); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 34px 30px; transition: box-shadow .2s ease, transform .2s ease; }
.value-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow); transform: translateY(-3px); }
.value-card h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.value-card p { color: var(--muted); font-size: .98rem; }

/* Featured slideshow */
.showcase { background: var(--bg-2); }
.slideshow { max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; }
.slides { position: relative; flex: 1; min-height: 460px; }
.slide {
  display: none; text-align: left; padding: 28px;
  background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-top: 2px solid var(--gold);
  border-radius: var(--radius); cursor: pointer; box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.slide.active { display: flex; gap: 34px; align-items: stretch; animation: slideFade .55s ease; }
@keyframes slideFade { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); } }

/* Large portrait — ~half the slide frame, high-definition */
.slide-photo {
  flex: 0 0 46%; position: relative; align-self: stretch; min-height: 400px;
  border: 2px solid var(--gold); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--bg-2); box-shadow: 0 14px 34px -16px rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.45);
}
.slide-photo img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 22%; display: block; }
.slide-photo.no-img img { display: none; }
.slide-photo-fallback { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: none; place-items: center; font-size: 5.5rem; }
.slide-photo.no-img .slide-photo-fallback { display: grid; }
.slide-flag-badge { position: absolute; bottom: 12px; right: 12px; z-index: 2; font-size: 1.3rem; background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--gold); border-radius: 50%; width: 40px; height: 40px; display: grid; place-items: center; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px -4px rgba(17,17,17,.4); }

.slide-body { flex: 1; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; }
.slide-body .card-era { align-self: flex-start; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.slide-body h3 { font-size: 2.3rem; }
.slide-meta { color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 600; font-size: .9rem; margin-top: 6px; }
.slide-role { color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; margin-top: 2px; }
.slide-tagline { font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-style: italic; font-size: 1.3rem; color: var(--ink); margin: 18px 0; line-height: 1.35; }
.slide-quote { font-family: "Fraunces", serif; color: var(--muted); font-size: 1.05rem; margin: 0 0 24px; }
.slide-cta { align-self: flex-start; }
.slide-nav {
  flex-shrink: 0; width: 48px; height: 48px; border-radius: 50%; cursor: pointer;
  background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--ink); color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 1; display: grid; place-items: center; transition: all .15s;
}
.slide-nav:hover { background: var(--ink); color: var(--gold); transform: scale(1.05); }
.slide-footer { max-width: 760px; margin: 26px auto 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 16px; }
.slide-counter { color: var(--muted); font-size: .82rem; letter-spacing: .12em; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.slide-dots { display: flex; gap: 9px; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; max-width: 520px; }
.dot { width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid var(--gold); cursor: pointer; padding: 0; background: transparent; transition: all .15s; }
.dot:hover { background: var(--gold-soft); }
.dot.active { background: var(--gold); transform: scale(1.25); }

/* Leaders */
.controls { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto 34px; display: flex; gap: 16px; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.filters { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.chip { padding: 9px 20px; border-radius: var(--radius); cursor: pointer; background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--ink); font-size: .88rem; font-weight: 500; transition: all .15s; }
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--gold-deep); }
.chip.active { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ink); }
.search { flex: 1; min-width: 240px; max-width: 360px; padding: 12px 18px; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink); font-size: .92rem; }
.search::placeholder { color: #a59b8c; }
.search:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--gold); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--gold-soft); }

.grid { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
.card {
  background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius);
  cursor: pointer; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; text-align: left;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; position: relative;
  transition: transform .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease, border-color .18s ease;
}
.card:hover { transform: translateY(-5px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); border-color: var(--gold); }
.card-photo { position: relative; width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 5 / 4; overflow: hidden; background: var(--bg-2); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.card-photo img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 18%; display: block; transition: transform .35s ease; }
.card:hover .card-photo img { transform: scale(1.05); }
.card-photo.no-img img { display: none; }
.card-photo-fallback { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: none; place-items: center; font-size: 3.4rem; }
.card-photo.no-img .card-photo-fallback { display: grid; }
.card-body { padding: 22px 24px 24px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 9px; flex: 1; }
.card-top { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.card-flag { font-size: 1.5rem; }
.card-era { font-size: .68rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .14em; padding: 4px 11px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); }
.card-era.present { color: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold); }
.card h3 { font-size: 1.4rem; }
.card-meta { color: var(--gold-deep); font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 600; }
.card-role { color: var(--muted); font-size: .85rem; }
.card-tagline { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: .95rem; margin-top: 4px; }
.card-cat { margin-top: auto; font-size: .74rem; color: #998f80; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; padding-top: 8px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.empty { text-align: center; color: var(--muted); max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 30px auto 0; }

/* Leaders CTA (homepage) */
.leaders-cta { text-align: center; background: var(--bg); }
.leaders-cta-actions { display: flex; justify-content: center; }

/* Leaders collection page */
.page-head { background: var(--bg-2); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); box-shadow: 0 1px 0 0 var(--gold); padding: 84px 24px 66px; text-align: center; }
.page-head-inner { max-width: 820px; margin: 0 auto; }
.page-head h1 { font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5.5vw, 3.8rem); margin: 16px 0 18px; }
.page-head .lede { color: var(--muted); font-size: 1.1rem; max-width: 660px; margin: 0 auto; }
.collection { padding-top: 56px; }
.group { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto 64px; }
.group:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.group-head { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 14px; margin-bottom: 26px; padding-bottom: 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.group-title { font-size: 1.7rem; position: relative; padding-left: 16px; }
.group-title::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 6px; bottom: 6px; width: 3px; background: var(--gold); }
.group-count { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; padding: 2px 12px; }

/* News / The Brief */
.news { background: var(--bg); }
.news-list { max-width: 880px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 24px; }
.news-item { background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 30px 32px; transition: box-shadow .2s ease; }
.news-item:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.news-tags { display: flex; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.news-topic { background: var(--ink); color: var(--gold); font-weight: 700; font-size: .68rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; padding: 4px 12px; border-radius: var(--radius); }
.news-region { color: var(--gold-deep); font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 600; }
.news-date { color: #998f80; font-size: .8rem; margin-left: auto; }
.news-item h3 { font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.news-summary { color: var(--muted); font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.news-take { border-left: 2px solid var(--gold); background: var(--bg-2); border-radius: 0 var(--radius) var(--radius) 0; padding: 18px 22px; }
.news-take-label { display: block; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .14em; font-size: .7rem; color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.news-take p { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: .98rem; }

/* Analysis — dark accent band */
.analysis { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; }
.analysis .section-head h2 { color: #fff; }
.analysis .section-head h2::after { background: var(--gold); }
.analysis-body { max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; }
.analysis-body p { color: #d8d2c6; font-size: 1.12rem; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.analysis-body em { color: var(--gold); }

/* Pricing */
.tiers { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; align-items: start; }
.tier { background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 36px 32px; position: relative; }
.tier-featured { border: 1px solid var(--gold); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.tier-featured::before { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); border-radius: var(--radius) var(--radius) 0 0; pointer-events: none; }
.tier h3 { font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.tier .price { font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-size: 2.7rem; color: var(--ink); margin-bottom: 20px; }
.tier .price span { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--muted); font-family: "Inter", sans-serif; }
.tier ul { list-style: none; margin-bottom: 26px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 11px; }
.tier li { color: var(--muted); padding-left: 26px; position: relative; }
.tier li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 10px; width: 12px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold); }
.badge { position: absolute; top: -13px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); background: var(--gold); color: var(--ink); font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; padding: 5px 15px; border-radius: 999px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; }

/* Subscribe */
.subscribe { background: var(--bg-2); text-align: center; }
.subscribe-inner { max-width: 640px; margin: 0 auto; }
.subscribe-inner h2 { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 4vw, 2.7rem); }
.subscribe-inner > p { color: var(--muted); margin: 16px 0 30px; font-size: 1.1rem; }
.subscribe-form { display: flex; gap: 12px; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.subscribe-form input { flex: 1; min-width: 240px; padding: 16px 20px; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--ink); color: var(--ink); font-size: 1rem; }
.subscribe-form input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--gold); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--gold-soft); }
.form-msg { margin-top: 18px; min-height: 24px; font-weight: 500; }
.form-msg.ok { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.form-msg.err { color: #b3402e; }

/* Footer — dark */
.footer { text-align: center; padding: 56px 24px; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-top: 2px solid var(--gold); }
.footer p { display: flex; gap: 11px; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-size: 1.15rem; }
.footer .brand-mark { background: var(--gold); color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--gold); }
.footer .muted { color: #b3aa9c; font-family: "Inter", sans-serif; font-size: .95rem; margin-top: 12px; }
.footer .small { font-size: .8rem; opacity: .75; }

/* Modal */
.modal { position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 100; display: grid; place-items: center; padding: 24px; }
.modal[hidden] { display: none; }
.modal-backdrop { position: absolute; inset: 0; background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.45); backdrop-filter: blur(3px); }
.modal-card {
  position: relative; background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold);
  border-radius: var(--radius); max-width: 680px; width: 100%; max-height: 88vh; overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 46px; box-shadow: 0 40px 90px -30px rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.5);
}
.modal-close { position: absolute; top: 14px; right: 20px; background: none; border: none; color: var(--muted); font-size: 2rem; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1; }
.modal-close:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.modal-flag { font-size: 2.4rem; }
.modal-portrait-wrap { position: relative; width: 104px; height: 104px; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.modal-portrait { width: 104px; height: 104px; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid var(--ink); box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px var(--bg), 0 0 0 5px var(--gold); position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.modal-flag-fallback { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; font-size: 2.4rem; z-index: 0; }
.modal-card h2 { font-size: 2.2rem; margin: 8px 0 4px; }
.modal-meta { color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 600; font-size: .92rem; }
.modal-role { color: var(--muted); font-size: .92rem; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.modal-tagline { font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-style: italic; font-size: 1.25rem; color: var(--ink); margin: 20px 0 26px; line-height: 1.35; padding-bottom: 22px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.modal-section { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.modal-section h4 { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .14em; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--gold-deep); margin-bottom: 6px; font-family: "Inter", sans-serif; }
.modal-section p { color: var(--ink-2); }
.modal-quote { border-left: 2px solid var(--gold); padding: 6px 0 6px 22px; margin-top: 28px; font-family: "Fraunces", serif; font-style: italic; font-size: 1.2rem; color: var(--ink); }

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .value, .grid, .tiers { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .nav-links a:not(.btn) { display: none; }
  .hero-stats div { padding: 8px 22px; }
  section { padding: 64px 20px; }
  .modal-card { padding: 34px 24px; }
  .slideshow { gap: 6px; }
  .slide { padding: 18px; }
  .slides { min-height: 560px; }
  .slide.active { flex-direction: column; gap: 20px; align-items: stretch; text-align: center; }
  .slide-photo { flex: 0 0 auto; width: 100%; height: 300px; min-height: 0; }
  .slide-body { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .slide-body .card-era, .slide-cta { align-self: center; }
  .slide-nav { width: 38px; height: 38px; font-size: 1.3rem; }
  .slide h3 { font-size: 1.7rem; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero-stats { gap: 0; }
}