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“I have saved my country. I have avenged America.”

Source: Proclamation “Liberty or Death”, headquarters at Le Cap, 28 April 1804

Context Issued after the killings of French colonists he had ordered across Haiti in early 1804, the proclamation justified them as retribution and as a defence of the new state’s independence.

Portrait of Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Jacques DessalinesHaiti · 1758–1806
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